Degree in Veterinary Science

Objectives

Systematic and comparative anatomy of animal organs and systems. Basic topographical anatomy with a focus on clinical, production, hygiene and food processing applications. Description of embryonic development in species of veterinary interest. Embryo handling. Congenital anomalies.

Prerequisites

Those required for admission to the Bachelor’s degree in Veterinary Medicine

Learning Outcomes

Not applicable. Course description adapted to Royal Decree 822/2021.

Learning outcomes

1. Distinguish between the stages of embryonic and foetal development, based on the key events occurring in each stage.

2. Learn and apply the concepts of the neuromuscular system and the basic principles of locomotor statics and dynamics.

3. Acquire, in a sequential manner, basic knowledge of osteology, arthrology, myology, innervation, blood supply, lymphatic drainage and synovial and fascial structures of the back, neck, tail and thoracic and pelvic limbs.

4. To learn the fundamental knowledge in the fields of organogenesis and comparative anatomy of domestic animals, as well as a comprehensive understanding of anatomical organisation in terms of development, function and comparison.

5. To apply dissection techniques to cadavers of the main domestic species.

Course content

The onset of embryonic development and the origin of life. Description of embryonic development in species of veterinary interest. Guidance on embryo handling and congenital anomalies. Placentation and types of placenta. Topographical anatomy according to the different anatomical regions, in the animal species of greatest veterinary significance. Detailed study of the musculoskeletal system: bones, joints and muscles. Systematic and comparative anatomy of animal organs and systems. Study of the nervous and endocrine systems and the sense organs. Cardiovascular and lymphoid systems. Urogenital system. Guidance on the applications of anatomy in clinical practice, surgery and animal production.

Training activities

Sessions: Explanation of theoretical principles, using computer-based tools.

Practical classes (laboratories)

Seminars (assignments): Presentation and discussion of case studies. Lectures

E-learning: Interactive distance learning via the virtual campus

Individual and group tutorials: Guidance and clarification of queries

Independent study: Study. Literature review

Examination: Oral and written assessments

Assessment system and criteria

Assessment of practical activities: 40%

Theoretical knowledge tests: 40%

Coursework (portfolio): 10%

Laboratory assessments: 10%

Total: 100%

ANIMAL ANATOMY 0170101

The assessment criteria are designed to encourage continuous study of the module throughout the academic year. Given the scope of this module (15 ECTS), all students, including those retaking the module, are advised to aim to pass the module through a series of mid-term assessments. Continuous assessment is encouraged.

The module will be divided into a total of 10 mid-term marks, each accounting for 10% of the final mark, with each mark carrying equal weight. The final mark is the arithmetic mean of the 10 marks, provided that all mid-term marks are a pass (a mark of 5 or above). The continuous assessment model will be used throughout the academic year. In addition to the 8 mid-term assessments on the material covered in class, which are detailed below, there will be 2 additional marks:

1. Practical and dissection mark. This mark comprises the average of the weekly assessments carried out during practical sessions, as well as a component based on the assessment carried out by the lecturers during the course of the subject’s practical sessions. Particular emphasis will be placed on the student’s attitude, the interest shown, the use of and contribution to the course materials, the ability to work in a team, and the work carried out during the practical sessions, particularly during dissections. Under no circumstances will this practical and dissection mark be used to compensate for failed marks. It will account for 10 per cent of the final mark, which will be the arithmetic mean of the 10 partial marks, provided that all have been passed.

2. Seminar Assignment Mark (Oral Presentations), which each student must complete in a group during the Seminar sessions. Oral presentations will be given and assessed. This will account for 10% of the final mark, which will be the arithmetic mean of the 10 partial marks. All marks carry the same proportional weighting.

The course content will be divided into 8 partial assessments: 4 theoretical and 4 practical. To pass the course, all partial assessments must be passed individually.

4 theory assessments:

T1 Partial Exam 1: Embryology and Arthrology: Embryology + Arthrology

T2 Partial Exam 2: Myology I: Musculature, topographical anatomy. The nervous system and its most relevant innervations.

T3 Mid-term 3: Myology II: Locomotor System, Cardiovascular System (including the Lymphoid and Venous Systems), Respiratory System.

T4 Mid-term 4: Splanchnology: Digestive System, Urogenital System, Endocrine Glands, Mammary Glands. Sense Organs (Eye and Ear).

4 practical assessments:

P1 Partial Exam 1: Osteology

P2 Practical Exam 2: Head and Jaw

(P1 and P2 are held on the same day during practical sessions)

P3 Partial Exam 3: Myology and Dissection

P4 Mid-term 4: Skeleton and overall practicals. The P4 exam will cover questions relating to all the practicals in the module as a whole.

The theory mid-term exams are held during session class times, in each group’s usual classroom at the usual time. The time allowed for continuous assessment exams is 50 minutes, which is the duration of a normal class.

Practical mid-term exams are to be held in Room T.201 during each group’s usual practical session times. Mid-term exams P1 and P2 are conducted using real bones, marked with labels, in Room T-201. Mid-term exams P3 and P4 are conducted using photographs.

Passed mid-term exams will be retained throughout the academic year, up to and including the July resit session. Students will only need to sit the final exams for any mid-term exams they have failed. Partial mid-term exam results will not be retained during the academic year; only complete, passed mid-term exams will be retained.

The final mark will be the arithmetic mean of the 10 marks from the 10 mid-term exams. To calculate the average, all mid-term exams must have been passed independently. Mid-term exams do not count towards each other; all must be passed independently.

To pass this module, you must:

- Pass all theoretical and practical examinations with a mark of 5 or above.

- Exams will be marked on a scale of 0 to 10, with 10 being the highest mark.

- Marks below 5 will be considered insufficient to pass (fail).

- Honours will be awarded to students with the highest average marks over the academic year, calculated as the average of the marks obtained in all module assessments for the course throughout the academic year (excluding the ordinary June examination session and the extraordinary July examination session). Under current legislation, the maximum number of students awarded Honours must be less than 5 per cent of those enrolled. To be awarded Honours, a student’s average mark must, under current legislation, be higher than 9.

- In all examinations for the module, to be considered passed and no longer subject to further assessment, a final mark of 5 or above must be obtained.

- All mid-term examinations, both theoretical and practical, will be eliminatory. Passed mid-terms will remain valid throughout the academic year.

- Each mid-term exam may consist of several components: multiple-choice questions, various essay-type questions, etc. The mark for each mid-term exam will be the arithmetic mean of its components. Each component of the mid-term exam must be passed (mark of 5 or above) independently in order to calculate the average.

- Only complete, passed mid-term exams will be counted; individual sections or parts of mid-term exams will not be carried over. The pass mark is 5.

- To pass the module, students must pass all mid-term assessments individually, either in the mid-term exams or in the final exams

- If a student fails any mid-term exam for the module, it may only be resat during the final examination sessions: the Ordinary session (June) and/or the Extraordinary session (July). There will be no additional resits during the academic year.

- If any student who has passed the course, or who has passed some mid-term exams, wishes to sit an exam to improve their mark, they may do so during the Ordinary examination session (June), provided they submit a request to the course coordinator at least 3 days in advance. The mark obtained in the Ordinary examination period will take precedence over any previous marks; therefore, there is also a risk that your mark may be lower.

- The improved mark will be reflected in the final average mark, but will not count towards achieving a First Class Honours (MH) grade. Only the marks obtained in the mid-term exams during the academic year are taken into account for this calculation.

- The course average will only be calculated if you have passed all your mid-term exams. Mid-term results will not be averaged

- The final mark for the module will be the average of all the marks obtained by the student throughout the academic year. To calculate the final average, all parts of the module must have been passed

- An average of 5 or above does not guarantee a pass for the course unless all parts have been passed. Each mid-term exam for the course must be passed separately

- If any part of the module is failed at the end of the academic year, the module must be retaken in its entirety.

- Practical work passed in previous years will NOT be carried over. We have found that doing so is counterproductive, as students lose touch with the subject, which is predominantly practical.

- Any exam or part of an exam that does not clearly show the student’s first name and surname, written legibly and in full, the ‘NP’ code and the student’s signature, will be considered invalid. This will be treated as a ‘NOT SUBMITTED’ = Mark -1

- Students must write their surname(s) on examinations in CAPITAL LETTERS to distinguish it from their first name

- In official marksheets, ‘not submitted’ will be represented by a numerical mark of -1

- The Moodle platform may be used to conduct anatomy examinations, utilising all its features and functions, including mechanisms to prevent examination fraud.

- In both theoretical and practical examinations, all the functions and features of Moodle may be used to set questions or questionnaires, utilising all the options offered by Moodle’s technology, or other IT platforms that UAX deems appropriate for conducting examinations.

- Multiple-choice exams will be marked automatically, using the appropriate technology to prevent errors or fraudulent behaviour.

- Incorrect answers may be penalised in examinations, resulting in a deduction from the marks awarded for correct answers.

- Exams or essay-type questions may be set, either written on paper or using computer-based methods, to be marked by the lecturer(s).

- In essay-style examinations, students may be required to depict anatomical structures through drawings. Therefore, examinations will require students to draw and to answer questions posed in the examination in writing.

- Both theoretical and practical examinations may be conducted ORALLY.

- Real anatomical specimens may be used during examinations.

- We want all students to have a thorough understanding of the subject matter. Leaving an essay question blank or scoring 0 (zero) on an exam may result in failing that part of the module. This cannot be offset by marks from other parts of the module.

- In theory mid-term exams comprising a multiple-choice section and one or more essay sections, each section must be passed independently. The final exam mark will be the average (arithmetic mean) of its components (multiple-choice marks and essay marks).

- The final mark for a mid-term exam will be the average of its constituent parts, provided that the mark for each part is 5 or above and no essay question has been left blank or marked 0 (zero).

- Mid-term examinations held during the course will take place during lecture sessions, which are limited to 50 minutes in duration. The duration of the examination will be adjusted to suit its specific characteristics, the type of questions and the number of questions.

- Practical examinations will be based on real bones or photographs of anatomical structures. Students must answer questions relating to the images displayed during the examination.

- Knowledge of anatomical regions will be required in the examinations. Answering incorrectly, leaving a question blank, or confusing anatomical regions will result in disqualification and will invalidate the answer in an examination.

- In the P1 practical exam: Osteology, failing to identify the name of the bone, the side (right or left), the species, or the anatomical region will invalidate the rest of the question relating to that bone.

- In the P2 practical exam: Head, failing to identify the species of the head or mandible, or the anatomical region, will result in all questions relating to the head or mandible in question being marked as incorrect.

- In the P3: Myology practical examination, failing to correctly identify the name of the muscle, the species or the anatomical region will invalidate the rest of the questions related to that question.

- In the P4 Exam: Eplacnology: failing to correctly identify the name of the organ, the species or the anatomical region will invalidate the rest of the questions related to that question. The P4 exam will cover questions relating to the practical sessions of the module as a whole.

- For practical examinations held during the academic term, during practical class hours (LB), the examination will be reviewed immediately after the practicals have been marked and the marks published, wherever possible. Students wishing to review these examinations must wait until the same day on which they were held to do so.

- For examinations conducted via the Moodle platform, the examination may be reviewed, at the lecturer’s discretion, upon completion of the examination; however, this is not compulsory. For all other examinations, students may review their papers on a single occasion only, on the day and at the time officially published for this purpose, provided that current legislation permits it.

- The exam format may include multiple-choice questions, short-answer or matching questions, essay questions, practical exercises, procedures or protocols, to be completed in writing or orally. The coordinator will provide further details on the format prior to the exam, if deemed necessary.

- Measures will be put in place to prevent access to examination papers once the examination has been completed. Upon finishing an examination, students must close the examination paper completely to prevent it from being consulted at a later date. Students must show the closed examination paper to a lecturer teaching the module before leaving the classroom.

- Fraudulent behaviour during assessment tests or examinations will be considered a serious offence. The UAX’s academic discipline regulations will apply in such cases.

Failure to attend more than 75 per cent of the course’s teaching activities, which require the student’s physical or virtual presence, will result in the loss of the right to continuous assessment during the ordinary examination period. In this case, the examination to be held during the official period set by the University will be the sole assessment criterion, with the weighting corresponding to it as set out in the course syllabus.

Missing more than 25 per cent of the theory classes and failing to attend 100 per cent of the practical classes, or being absent without providing a valid reason, will result in the loss of the right to continuous assessment.

Timetable

Click on this link to view the detailed timetable in Excel

Bibliography

Primary:

1. Budras, Klaus-Dieter

Atlas of Equine Anatomy

Barcelona: Ediciones S, 2005. 2005.

ISBN: 8487736580

2. Budras; Fricke; Salazar

Atlas of Canine Anatomy

Interamericana McGraw-Hill. 1989.

ISBN: 8476154542

3. Clayton H.M.; Flood P.F.; Rosestein D.

Clinical Anatomy of the Horse

Elsevier. 2007.

ISBN: 9788480862

4. Dik, Kees J.

Atlas of Radiological Diagnosis of the Horse: Osteopathies

Barcelona: Ediciones S, 2005. 2005.

ISBN: 8487736599

5. Drew M. Noden, Alexander Lahunta

Embryology of Domestic Animals

Acribia. 2001.

ISBN: 8420006777

6. Dyce K.M.

Inter-American Veterinary Anatomy

Inter-American. McGraw-Hill. 1999.

ISBN: 9789701021668

7. DYCE, K. M.

VETERINARY ANATOMY

Inter-American. McGraw-Hill. 1999.

ISBN: 970-10-2166-5

8. GARCÍA MONTERDE, J., GIL CANO, F.

Veterinary Embryology

Intermédica. 2013.

ISBN: 9789505554096

9. GETTY, ROBERT, GROSSMAN, J.D. and SISSON, S.

ANATOMY OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS Volumes I and II, 5th Edition

Masson. 2001.

ISBN: 9788445807224

10. J.S. BOYD

CLINICAL ANATOMY OF THE DOG & CAT

MOSBY. 1991.

11. JULIO GIL, MIGUEL GIMENO, JESÚS LABORDA, JAVIER NUVIALA

DISSECTION PROTOCOLS FOR DOGS

MASSON. 2005.

ISBN: 84-458-0584-3

12. KONIG-LIEBICH

ANATOMY OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS

PANAMERICANA. 2004.

ISBN: 84-200-0502-9

13. SALAZAR BELOQUI, I

Veterinary Embryology

University of Santiago de Compostela. Publications Service. 2013.

ISBN: 9788415876168

14.- Schebitz, H.

Atlas of Canine and Feline Radiographic Anatomy

Barcelona: Grass-Iatros, 1994. 1994.

ISBN: 8477140200

15. VEGA VILLAR SUÁREZ and FRANCISCO LÓPEZ MARTÍN DE BLAS

PROTOCOLS IN VETERINARY ANATOMY

BELLISCO. 2004.

ISBN: 84-95279-98-3

Objectives

The aim of the module is for students to acquire basic and advanced knowledge and skills in biology as a fundamental science. Specifically, the objectives for each module are as follows:

• Ethology module: to acquire skills relating to animal behaviour, the study, measurement and modification of behaviour, and animal welfare.

• Zoology module: to acquire skills relating to the origin, evolution, characteristics and classification of living organisms.

• Basic Biology Module: to acquire skills relating to cellular and molecular biology, the scientific method and scientific communication.

Competencies

Not applicable. Course description adapted to Royal Decree 822/2021.

Learning Outcomes

1. To understand the limits of objectivity in scientific knowledge and to develop a critical and constructive attitude.

2. Be able to use and understand the range of terminology available to explain a concept and acquire the foundations for developing an appropriate academic vocabulary.

3. Understand the morphological and functional diversity of life, as well as the conceptual foundations of evolutionary biology and ecology.

4. To understand and represent phylogeny and the diversity of life graphically.

5. To acquire a phylogenetic framework upon which to structure the systematic knowledge that will be acquired in a piecemeal fashion throughout the course of their studies.

6. To develop the ability to formulate one’s own theories using bibliographic and documentary sources.

7. Basic ability to work in a biology laboratory and develop the skills required for handling biological materials in the laboratory.

8. Be able to assess and distinguish animal behaviour across different animal species.

9. Apply techniques for measuring behaviour through direct observation and the design of behavioural experiments.

10. Be able to apply the methodology for the assessment, treatment and prevention of behavioural disorders.

11. Understand the fundamentals of behaviour and its implications for animal welfare. 12. Be able to assess and improve the welfare of animals in various veterinary activities

13. Apply ethological principles to ensure quality in veterinary practice and achieve high professional standards.

Course content description

The module comprises three general theoretical modules: Ethology, Zoology and Basic Biology.

ETHOLOGY

Topic 1. Fundamentals of behaviour.

Topic 2. Ontogeny.

Topic 3. Evolution of behaviour.

Topic 4. Feeding behaviour.

Topic 5. Reproductive behaviour.

Topic 6. Parental behaviour.

Topic 7. Social behaviour.

Topic 8. Animal communication.

Topic 9. Intelligence and cognition.

Topic 10. Observational method.

ZOOLOGY

Topic 11. Aquatic Vertebrates I.

Topic 12. Aquatic Vertebrates II.

Topic 13. Amphibians.

Topic 14. Reptiles.

Topic 15. Birds.

Topic 16. Mammals.

BASIC BIOLOGY

Topic 17. Viruses and Bacteria.

Topic 18. The scientific method.

Topic 19. Molecular bases.

Topic 20. Vaccines.

Topic 21. Scientific communication.

Topic 22. Molecular Biology Techniques I.

Topic 23. Molecular biology techniques II.

Topic 24. Cancer I.

Topic 25. Cancer II.

Teaching activities

Sessions: Explanation of theoretical principles, using computer-based tools.

Assignments: Presentation and completion of practical case studies (exercises).

Laboratories and practical workshops

E-learning: self-assessment questionnaires

Independent study: studying and practising exercises

Exams: written and oral assessments

Assessment system and criteria

Without prejudice to any other requirements that may be specified in the relevant course syllabus, as a general rule, failure to attend more than 75 per cent of the course’s teaching activities—which require the student’s physical or virtual presence—will result in the loss of the right to continuous assessment during the standard examination period. In this case, the examination to be held during the official period set by the University will be the sole assessment criterion, with the weighting specified in the course syllabus.

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The module comprises two assessable components: theory and practical work. The theory accounts for 60% of the final mark, whilst the practicals account for the remaining 40%. However, to pass the module, it is essential to pass both parts independently. The mark allocation is as follows (it is very important to read the information below the table):

THEORY (60%)

Final January mark 30%

Final mark in May 30%

PRACTICAL WORK (30%)

Laboratory exam Multiple-choice 20%

Navas practicals Assignment 5%

Faunia practicals Assignment 5%

ASSIGNMENTS (10%)

During the course, there will be four theory exams, one for each thematic block:

- November: 1st Mid-term Exam (continuous assessment) – Ethology I. Results available from 6/10.

- January: 2nd Mid-term Exam (official sitting) – Ethology II. Pass mark: 5/10.

- March: 3rd Mid-term Exam (continuous assessment) – Zoology. Results available from 6 October.

- May: 4th Partial Exam (official exam session) – Molecular Biology. Pass mark: 5/10 or above.

The exam format may include multiple-choice questions, short-answer or matching questions, essay questions, clinical cases, practical exercises, procedures or protocols, to be completed in writing or orally. The course coordinator will provide further details on the format prior to the exam, if deemed necessary.

To pass the theory component, it is essential to pass each mid-term exam individually (with a mark of 5 marks or more). The November and March mid-term exams are exempted for those scoring 6 marks or more. In other words, anyone who scores more than 6 marks in either of these exams will sit the official examination session (January and/or May) only for the remaining mid-term exam.

In the official May sitting, all students will sit the 4th Partial Exam and any partial exams they have not yet passed. The final theory mark will be calculated as a weighted average of all exams, provided they have been passed.

In the June supplementary examination session, students will sit resits for any mid-term exams they have not passed during the academic year.

To pass the practicals, it is essential to pass the laboratory exam. If this exam is failed, it must be retaken during the ordinary examination period (May).

Assignments (interactive classroom activities) may be assessed and will contribute 10 per cent of the final mark. To be eligible for this mark, it is essential to attend all assignment sessions.

Timetable

Click on this link to view the detailed timetable in Excel

Bibliography

Basic:

1. Hickman, C. P.

COMPREHENSIVE PRINCIPLES OF ZOOLOGY, 14th ed.

McGraw-Hill Interamericana. 2009.

ISBN: 9788448168896

2. Alcock, J

Animal Behaviour

Salvat. 1978.

ISBN: 9788424922832

3. Broom, D. M.

Stress and Animal Welfare

Chapman. 1993.

ISBN: 97345678910

4. Carranza, J.

Ethology: An Introduction to the Science of Animal Behaviour

University of Extremadura. 1997.

ISBN: 984591739040

5. Colmenares, F.

Ethology, Comparative Psychology and Animal Behaviour

Síntesis. 1996.

ISBN: 9789681642785

6. Coppinger, R

Dogs

KNS and Ateles. 2004.

ISBN: 9780606087629

7. Dawkins, M.S.

Why Animals Matter: Animal Consciousness, Animal Welfare, and Human Well-being

. Oxford University Press. 2012.

ISBN: 9780737741476

8. Díaz, José A.

Zoology: An Evolutionary Approach to Diversity and Organisation

Madrid: Síntesis, 2000. 2000.

ISBN: 8477385912

9. Freeman

Biology

Pearson. 2009.

ISBN: 9788478290987

10. Gradin, T.

Interpreting Animals

RBA. 2005.

ISBN: 9788478716722

11. Jensen, P.

Ethology of Domestic Animals

Acribia. 2004.

ISBN: 9788424922832

12. López, C.

Cognitive-Emotional Dog Training

Díaz de Santos. 2004.

ISBN: 9788479786298

13. Mader, S.

Biology

McGraw Hill. 2008.

ISBN: 9701065336

14. Maier, R.

Animal Behaviour: An Evolutionary and Ecological Approach

McGraw-Hill. 2001.

ISBN: 9789589021507

15. Maillet, M

Cell Biology

Elsevier Masson. 2002.

ISBN: 9788445811054

16. Manteca, X.

Clinical Veterinary Ethology of Dogs and Cats

Multimédica. 1996.

ISBN: 9788424639037

17. Manteca, X.

Veterinary Ethology

Multimédica. 2009.

ISBN: 9780101178822

18. Martin, Paul R.

The Measurement of Behaviour / Paul Martin, Patrick Bateson / ; Spanish translation by: Fernando Colmenares

Madrid: Alianza, reprint. 1991.

ISBN: 8420626732

19. Mateos, C.

Animal Welfare, Suffering and Consciousness

University of Cáceres. 2003.

ISBN: 9788496354012

20. Overall, Karen L.

Clinical Behavioural Medicine for Small Animals / Karen L. Overall; [contributors: Deidre E. Gannon, Robin Lee Schurr Stawarsz

St Louis (Missouri): Mosby, cop. 1997.

ISBN: 0801668204

21.- Parker, T.

Zoology: Chordates, Volume 2

Barcelona: Reverté. 1991.

ISBN: 9788429118391

22. Slater, P. J. B.

Animal Behaviour

Cambridge University Press. 2000.

ISBN: 9788448130145

23. Smith, Robert Leo

Ecology. 6th ed.

Addison Wesley. 2007.

ISBN: 9788428207331

24. Solomon

Biology

8th ed. McGraw Hill. 2008.

ISBN: 9701063767

25. Storer, T. I.

General Zoology

Omega. 2003.

ISBN: 9788428206839

26. Strasburger, E

Treatise on Botany

Omega. 2004.

ISBN: 9788428204316

Links

Spanish Society for Evolutionary Biology – The SESBE is a society whose aim is the cultural promotion of evolutionary biology and its teaching, serving as a centre for information and dissemination amongst those interested.

Objectives

• To provide students with a foundation in biochemistry that will enable them to gain a better understanding of the various biomedical aspects of their degree programme.

• To equip students with basic knowledge of the key topics relevant to the development of new diagnostic and treatment methods.

• To distinguish between different organic molecules and their biochemical composition.

• To acquire a basic understanding of enzymology and enzyme regulation.

• To understand and analyse some of the main metabolic pathways.

• To be able to review and properly understand the recommended reading list.

• To acquire skills in biochemistry laboratory work.

Prerequisites

Basic knowledge of the structure and nomenclature of organic and inorganic molecules.

Basic knowledge of general chemistry.

Competencies

- Students must have demonstrated that they possess and understand knowledge in an area of study building on the foundations of general secondary education; this is typically at a level which, whilst drawing on advanced textbooks, also includes certain aspects requiring knowledge from the cutting edge of their field of study.

-Students should be able to apply their knowledge to their work or profession in a professional manner and possess the skills typically demonstrated through the development and defence of arguments and the resolution of problems within their field of study.

-That students have the ability to gather and interpret relevant data (usually within their field of study) in order to form judgements that include reflection on relevant social, scientific or ethical issues.

-Students should be able to communicate information, ideas, problems and solutions to both specialist and non-specialist audiences.

-Students should have developed the learning skills necessary to undertake further studies with a high degree of autonomy.

- Knowledge and application of the physical and chemical principles underpinning biological processes and their applications to veterinary science.

- Knowledge and application of cellular excitability and communication.

- Knowledge and application of the molecular and genetic bases of biological processes.

-To be able to work in a professional environment involving the processing of digital information, covering the aspects of data processing most frequently required in day-to-day practice.

-Create presentations that enable students to present and defend ideas and projects.

Learning outcomes

-Understanding the molecular basis of the basic functions of living organisms.

-Be able to recognise and represent the structure of the main biological molecules.

-Be able to formulate and solve basic biochemical problems.

-Understand the main catabolic and anabolic pathways.

-To integrate the different metabolic pathways, appreciating the relationships between them.

-To acquire, develop and practise the skills required for laboratory work and the use of basic biochemistry equipment.

-Be able to use the main bibliographic sources in the field of biochemistry, enabling students to find, select and understand information.

-To develop experimental skills.

-The ability to prepare, present and defend a piece of work.

Course content

BLOCK I. THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS.

• Topic 1. Carbohydrates. Structure. Monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.

• Topic 2. Lipids. Structure and classification.

• Topic 3.- Amino acids. Peptides. Proteins. Structural levels.

• Topic 4. Enzymes. Classification. Kinetics. Regulation. Enzyme inhibition.

• Topic 5. Carbohydrate breakdown. Glycolysis. The Krebs cycle. Fermentation.

• Topic 6. Cellular respiration. Electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation. Energy balance.

BLOCK II. EXPERIMENTATION.

• Practical sessions on protein purification and quantification. Electrophoresis.

• Identification of carbohydrates.

• Enzymatic activity.

• Biochemical analyses of blood.

• Fermentation studies. Acid-base titration.

Training activities

Lectures.

Seminars.

Laboratory practicals.

Q&A sessions.

Working through exercises and problems.

Reflective reading.

Preparation of assignments.

Bibliographic research.

Assessment system and criteria

Without prejudice to any other requirements that may be specified in the relevant course syllabus, as a general rule, failure to attend more than 75 per cent of the course’s teaching activities (100 per cent in the case of practical sessions), which require the student’s physical or virtual presence, will result in the loss of the right to continuous assessment during the standard examination period. In this case, the examination to be held during the official period set by the University will be the sole assessment criterion, with the weighting specified in the course syllabus.

The module is divided into two terms. The mark for each term will be calculated as follows:

• First term: 25% of the mark for each of the two term tests (50% in total). 40% of the mark for the term’s practical examination. 10% of the mark for the laboratory notebook.

• Second term: 25% from each of the two term tests (50% in total). 40% from the term practical exam. 10% from the laboratory notebook.

The final mark for continuous assessment in the module will be calculated as the average of the final marks obtained in each term, provided that both the average mark for the terms and the mark for each exam are 3.5 or above.

Practical assessment: Attendance at practical sessions is compulsory. One instance of unauthorised absence will result in the loss of 20 per cent of the practical mark. With two or more instances of absence, the practical mark will be NP (not presented).

Students repeating the course who have completed and passed (with a mark of 5 or above) the work placement in the 2024/2025 academic year will retain their mark and will not be required to undertake the work placement or sit the corresponding examination. Students who have undertaken the work placement but have not passed it (a mark below 5) will not have to repeat it, but they must sit the work placement exam in the relevant week.

June ordinary examination session: Students who, once the percentages described above have been applied, achieve a mark of 5 or above will have passed the module and will not be required to sit the June ordinary examination. Students whose mark is below 5 must sit an exam covering the entire term or terms in which they have failed: Theory 1Q, Theory 2Q, Practical 1Q and/or Practical 2Q. The mark for this exam will replace the marks obtained in the mid-term assessments (tests 1 and 2 of the first and/or second term and/or practical exams). For these percentages to apply, the mark obtained in each part of the June exam must be 3.5 or higher.

Students who have not sat any of the examinations held during the academic year will be marked as NP (did not sit) for the term or terms in which they have received this NP mark.

July resit session: In this session, students who failed the June session must sit an examination covering the entire syllabus of the module, including practical work. The final mark for the module will be the mark obtained in this examination.

Important note:

The examination format may include multiple-choice questions, short-answer or matching questions, essay questions, clinical case studies, practical exercises, procedures or protocols, to be completed in writing or orally. The course coordinator will provide further details on the format prior to the examination, if deemed necessary.

In the case of multiple-choice questions, incorrect answers will result in a loss of marks, with a penalty of 25 per cent of the value of a correct answer generally applied, unless otherwise stated in the exam. Furthermore, each mid-term exam may include questions relating to content assessed in previous mid-term exams, with the aim of reinforcing cumulative learning in the course.

Timetable

Click on this link to view the detailed timetable in Excel

Bibliography

Core:

1. Feduchi Canosa E, Romero Magdalena C, Yáñez Conde E, García-Hoz Jiménez C.

Biochemistry. Essential Concepts.

3rd ed. Médica Panamericana. 2025.

ISBN: 9788491106807

Supplementary:

2. Baynes

Medical Biochemistry

Elsevier Mosby. 2011.

ISBN: 9788480867306

3. Benito, Espino

Genetics: Essential Concepts

Panamericana. 2013.

ISBN: 9788498354072

4. D.L. Nelson

Lehninger. Principles of Biochemistry.

Omega. 2014.

ISBN: 978-84-282-16

5. González Hernández, A.

Principles of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Pathology

Elsevier. 2014.

ISBN: 9788490224311

6. Mathews

Biochemistry

Pearson. 2013.

ISBN: 9788490353110

7. Stryer

Biochemistry

Reverté. 2013.

ISBN: 9788429176025

Others:

8. Scott Freeman

Fundamentals of Biology

Pearson. 2013.

ISBN: 9788490354773

Objectives

By successfully completing this module, students will achieve a twofold objective:

With regard to the chemistry component, the aim is to convey the importance of chemistry within the field of the so-called life sciences, which include veterinary science.

Chemistry is a discipline with diverse approaches, all based on the same fundamental concepts.

In the field of Health Sciences, it plays an important role, given that life itself unfolds through chemical and biochemical reactions.

As for the Physics component, the main aim of this module is to convey to students the importance of physics in the life sciences, providing them with the basic knowledge required to solve physics-related problems they may encounter in their professional lives, at theoretical, practical and instrumental levels.

Prerequisites

Those required for admission to the Bachelor’s degree in Veterinary Medicine, and a general knowledge of physics and chemistry at A-level.

Learning Outcomes

Not applicable. Course description adapted to Royal Decree 822/2021.

Learning Outcomes

1. Ability to analyse, synthesise, organise and plan.

2. Ability to apply knowledge in practice and to solve problems.

3. Ability to work in a team, whether single-disciplinary or multidisciplinary.

4. Understanding and applying the scientific method in professional practice.

5. Ability to analyse and model from a general and fundamental perspective within physics.

6. Understanding of the molecular basis of the basic functions of living organisms and their main implications for biotechnology and veterinary medicine.

7. Acquiring, developing and practising the skills required for laboratory work and the use of basic equipment in physics and chemistry

8. Familiarisation with the main bibliographic sources in the fields of physics and chemistry, enabling students to find, select and understand information.

Course content

Topic 0 Introduction

• Topic 0.1 The atom

• Topic 0.2 Chemical bonding and intermolecular forces

• Topic 0.3 Inorganic Nomenclature

• Topic 0.4 Chemical Reactions

• Topic 0.5 Organic Chemistry

Topic 1 Solutions. Precipitation equilibria. Colligative properties.

Topic 2 Acid–base equilibria

Topic 3 Oxidation–reduction Equilibria

Topic 4 Waves and radiation

Topic 5 Generalised theory of elasticity

Topic 6 Bioelectricity

Topic 7 Fluid hydrostatics

Topic 8 Fluid hydrodynamics

Teaching activities

1. Lecture.

Explanation of theoretical principles, using computer-based tools. 1.1 ECTS.

2. Laboratory practicals

Experimental application of the knowledge acquired. 1.2 ECTS

3. Seminars

Presentation and discussion of case studies. Presentations. 0.3 ECTS

E-learning. Learning through interactive methodologies 0.1 ECTS

4. Individual and group tutorials

Guidance and clarification of queries. 0.2 ECTS

5. Independent study

Study. Literature review. 2.8 ECTS

6. Examination

Oral and written assessments 0.3 ECTS

Assessment system and criteria

Without prejudice to any other requirements that may be specified in the relevant course syllabus, as a general rule, failure to attend more than 75 per cent of the course’s teaching activities requiring the student’s physical or virtual presence will result in the loss of the right to continuous assessment during the standard examination period. In this case, the examination to be held during the official period set by the University will be the sole assessment criterion, with the weighting specified in the course syllabus.

----

To pass this module, students must:

1. Have completed all laboratory practicals.

2. Achieve a mark of 5 out of 10 or higher, as detailed below.

REGULAR EXAMINATION SESSION

You may pass either through continuous assessment or by sitting a final examination.

Continuous Assessment

The minimum attendance required for continuous assessment to be taken into account is 75 per cent of the course activities (this includes both theory and practical sessions).

To pass the course, you must achieve 5 out of 10.

The module is divided into two parts, Chemistry and Physics, both using the same assessment system. Both parts must achieve a mark of 5 in order to be averaged together to calculate the final mark.

Chemistry

• Laboratory practicals: 20% of the mark.

• Two mid-term exams, each accounting for 30 per cent of the mark. Total: 60 per cent.

• Coursework: 20 per cent of the mark.

Physics

• Laboratory practicals: 20% of the mark.

• Two mid-term exams, each accounting for 30 per cent of the mark. Total: 60 per cent.

• Coursework: 20 per cent of the mark.

The laboratory practicals in both parts will be assessed by means of an exam to be held at the end of each practical session. To be included in the final mark, students must achieve more than 3.5 marks in each exam.

Final Exam

This will consist of two parts, covering Chemistry and Physics respectively. Students will only be required to sit the full, failed part of either Chemistry or Physics; the mark for the passed part will be retained. Should a student have failed the laboratory examination for either or both parts, this may also be resat in this final examination, with the mark for the passed part being retained.

The mark obtained in the course activities will be retained for the calculation of the final mark.

EXTRAORDINARY EXAMINATION SESSION

The criteria will be the same as those set out for the ordinary examination session.

It will consist of an exam comprising two parts, corresponding to Chemistry and Physics respectively. Students need only sit the complete, failed part of either Chemistry or Physics; the mark for the passed part will be retained. If a student has failed the laboratory examination for either or both parts, this may also be retaken in this examination, with the mark for the passed part being retained.

The mark obtained in the course activities will be retained for the calculation of the final mark.

The exam format may include multiple-choice questions, short-answer or matching questions, essay questions, clinical case studies, practical exercises, procedures or protocols, to be completed in writing or orally. The coordinator will provide further details on the question types prior to the exam, if deemed necessary.

Timetable

Click on this link to view the detailed timetable in Excel

Bibliography

Essential:

1. Chang, Raymond

Chemistry

10th ed. Mexico: McGraw-Hill, 2020. 2020.

ISBN: 9780073511092

2. Sears, Francis W.

University Physics

6th ed. Argentina [etc.]: Addison Wesley, 1988. 2018.

ISBN: 0201640139

Supplementary:

3.- Atkins, Jones

Principles of Chemistry

Panamericana. 2012.

ISBN: 9789500602822

Others:

4. Aguilar, J.

Physics Problems: Physics Problems for Students

Barcelona: Reverté, 1994. 2009.

ISBN: 8429140123

Links

Fluid behaviour: hydrostatic pressure and communicating vessels – How fluids behave

Objectives

Understanding the structure and ultrastructure of the cell, its integration at different levels of organisation (epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous tissue), how these tissues come together to form organs, and how these organs form the various systems and apparatuses—such as the circulatory, respiratory, lymphoid, digestive, reproductive, nervous and endocrine systems, as well as the skin and its appendages—linking structure to function.

Prerequisites

Those required for admission to the Bachelor’s degree in Veterinary Medicine.

Learning Outcomes

Not applicable. Programme description adapted to Royal Decree 822/2021

Learning outcomes

1. Acquiring proficiency in the use of the microscope as a source of diagnostic data.

2. Understanding and applying the scientific method in professional practice.

3. To understand the structural and ultrastructural characteristics of the cells, tissues and organs of different domestic species.

4. To acquire skills for understanding, organising and analysing diagnostic data.

5. To interpret histology as the basis for understanding pathology and histopathological diagnosis.

Course content

Understanding of the structure and ultrastructure of the cell, its integration at different levels of organisation (epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous tissue), how these tissues come together to form organs, and how these organs form the various systems such as the circulatory, respiratory, lymphoid, digestive, reproductive, nervous and endocrine systems, as well as the skin and its appendages, relating structure to function.

Teaching activities

Lectures, seminars, microscopy practicals, e-learning, tutorials, independent study and examinations.

Assessment system and criteria

Without prejudice to any other requirements that may be specified in the relevant course syllabus, as a general rule, failure to attend more than 75 per cent of the course’s teaching activities—which require the student’s physical or virtual presence—will result in the loss of the right to continuous assessment during the standard examination period. In this case, the examination to be held during the official period set by the University will be the sole assessment criterion, with the weighting specified in the course syllabus.

----

To pass this module, students must:

Have completed the laboratory practicals.

Pass the theory and practical examinations separately.

Achieve a mark of five points or higher by adding together the percentages set out below:

Final exam: 70% of the final mark

Coursework: 30% of the final mark

Problems set and solved

Continuous assessment tests

Bibliographic research assignments and oral presentations

Attendance, engagement and collaboration in tutorials and seminars

Attitude, skills, knowledge and interaction with the practicals group

Bibliography

Essential:

1. Bacha Jr., William J.

Colour Atlas of Veterinary Histology

Buenos Aires: Intermédica, 1998. 1998.

ISBN: 9505551134

2. Dellmann, H.-Dieter

Cytology and Microscopic Anatomy

: Williams. 1995.

ISBN: 0683014676

3. Fawcett, Don W.

A Treatise on Histology

Madrid: Interamericana, McGraw-Hill, 1995. 1995.

ISBN: 8448601076

4. Gartner, Leslie P.

Text and Atlas of Histology

Philadelphia: Saunders, 2007. 2007.

ISBN: 9701066510

5. GARTNER, HIATT

Colour Atlas of Histology

Panamericana Publishers. 2005.

ISBN: 84-85320-40-9

6. Gazquez - Blanco

Treatise on Veterinary Histology

Barcelona: Masson, 2004. 2004.

ISBN: 8445814133

7. GAZQUEZ ORTIZ, A.; BLANCO, A

Treatise on Veterinary Histology

Published by Masson. 2005.

ISBN: 84-458-1413-3

8. GENESER

Histology

Published by Panamericana. 2000.

ISBN: 84-458-1137-1

9. Geneser, Finn

Histology: on the biomolecular basis

Buenos Aires [etc.]: Panamericana, 2003. 2003.

ISBN: 8479034742

10. Junqueira, L. C.

Basic Histology

: Masson. 2006.

ISBN: 9788445814628

11. KÜHNEL

Colour Atlas of Cytology and Histology

Panamericana Publishers. 2005.

12. L.C. JUNQUEIRA, JOSE CARNEIRO

BASIC HISTOLOGY (13th ed.)

PANAMERICANA. 2022.

ISBN: 9786078546527

13. Stevens, Alan

Human Histology

Madrid [etc.]: Harcourt Brace, 1999. 1999.

ISBN: 8481742821

Objectives

- To understand and apply techniques for editing, layout,

sharing and distribution of digital content, as well as

the use of this content in a range of

.

-To work within a professional digital information processing environment

digital information that covers the aspects of processing

most frequently required in day-to-day use.

-Create presentations that enable the defence of ideas and

projects.

-Create digital content that integrates various types of

media.

Prerequisites

No prerequisites have been set

Competencies

-Students must have demonstrated that they possess and understand knowledge in an area of study building on the foundations of general secondary education; this is typically at a level which, whilst drawing on advanced textbooks, also includes certain aspects requiring knowledge from the cutting edge of their field of study.

- Students must be able to apply their knowledge to their work or profession in a professional manner and possess the skills typically demonstrated through the development and defence of arguments and the resolution of problems within their field of study.

-That students have the ability to gather and interpret relevant data (usually within their field of study) in order to form judgements that include reflection on relevant social, scientific or ethical issues.

-Students should be able to communicate information, ideas, problems and solutions to both specialist and non-specialist audiences.

-Students should have developed the learning skills necessary to undertake further study with a high degree of autonomy.

-To understand and apply techniques for editing, layout, sharing and

distribution of digital content, as well as the use of this content in a variety of professional and non-professional contexts.

-To create presentations that enable students to present and defend ideas and projects.

-Create digital content that integrates various types of media.

Learning outcomes

-Reports with a professional layout incorporating content from different media

- Information and data analysis reports that enable the presentation of an idea or project

Course description

This module covers:

Information systems, data analysis and retrieval, etc.

Document management

Document layout through the use and creation of templates and styles.

Introduction to, handling, organisation and filtering of data

Types of charts, options and features of data charts.

Creating and configuring a complete presentation.

Integrating and manipulating digital images.

Training activities

Lecture: Explanation of theoretical principles, using computer tools.

Practical sessions in a computer lab: Experimental application of the knowledge acquired

E-learning: Interactive distance learning via the virtual campus

Individual and group tutorials: Guidance and clarification of queries

Independent study: Study. Literature review.

Examination: Oral and written assessments

Assessment system and criteria

Without prejudice to any other requirements that may be specified in the relevant course syllabus, as a general rule, failure to attend more than 75 per cent of the course’s teaching activities—which require the student’s physical or virtual presence—will result in the loss of the right to continuous assessment during the standard examination period. In this case, the examination to be held during the official period set by the University will be the sole assessment criterion, with the weighting specified in the course syllabus.

----

For competences involving practical problem-solving skills, assessment will be based on the submission and presentation of case studies carried out in small groups, as well as on students’ performance in the classroom during practical sessions.

For competencies relating to the use of tools, students will undertake practical case-study assessments in the laboratories or fieldwork carried out in groups.

Submission of practical work and reports on its progress.

For competences involving knowledge of the course content, a series of written examinations will be set to cover the full range of learning activities carried out in the classroom.

Continuous assessment

For the continuous assessment of the Computer Science module, various computer-based exercises and practical case studies will be carried out; a class attendance rate of over 70 per cent will be required; and the following practical examinations will be held (for which a minimum mark of 4 is required):

- PowerPoint presentations: 30% (relating to competences C1, C4 and C5)

- Excel spreadsheets: 40% (relating to competences C1, C2 and C5)

- Word processing using Word: 30% (relating to competencies C1, C3 and C5)

Students who meet the attendance and minimum mark requirements will have the percentages indicated for each component applied to their marks, and their final course mark will be calculated accordingly. Students who meet the requirements and ultimately achieve a mark of 5 or above in the continuous assessment will have passed the course and will not be required to sit the final exam in the ordinary examination session.

Ordinary Examination

Students who have not passed the course will have to sit the final exam in the ordinary examination session, for which there are two options:

- Students who, having met the continuous assessment requirements (class attendance, exercises, practical tests and minimum mark), have not passed the course, may sit an exam in June for only one of the course components (PowerPoint, Excel or Word, in which they must achieve a minimum mark of 4), so that, when the relevant percentages are reapplied together with the mark for the resat component, they achieve a final pass (a mark of 5 or above) in the ordinary examination session.

- Students who do not meet the criteria set out above will have to sit an exam covering the entire syllabus of the module during the ordinary examination period.

Extraordinary Examination

In the supplementary examination session, students must be examined on the entire syllabus of the module.

The exam will include one exercise from each of the three parts (PowerPoint, Excel and Word) that make up the course, requiring a minimum mark of 4 in each of these exercises, after which the relevant percentages for each part will be applied.

Timetable

Click on this link to view the detailed timetable in Excel

Bibliography

Essential:

1. Lambert, Joan.

MOS 2016 study guide for Microsoft Excel:

Microsoft Press. 2016.

ISBN: 9780735699434

2. Microsoft

Microsoft 365

Microsoft. 2022.

ISBN: 9782409024351

https://support.microsoft.com/es-es/training

Supplementary:

3. Charte Ojeda, Francisco

Word 2016 /

Anaya Multimedia. 2016.

ISBN: 9788441538160

4.- CLAUDIA VALDES-MIRANDA

EXCEL 2016 (ESSENTIAL HANDBOOK)

Anaya Multimedia. 2016.

ISBN: 9788441538023

5. Eni

Microsoft Office 2019 and Office 365: Word, Excel, PowerPoint and Outlook

Eni Editions. 2020.

ISBN: 978-2-409-024

6. JOHN PIERCE

MOS 2016 STUDY GUIDE FOR MICROSOFT WORD EXPERT

Microsoft Press. 2016.

ISBN: 9788441539266

7. JULIO F. CUARTERO SANCHEZ

WORD 2016: STEP-BY-STEP PRACTICAL COURSE

Altaria. 2015.

ISBN: 9788494477607

8. Paz González, Francisco

PowerPoint 2016

Anaya Multimedia. 2016.

ISBN: 9788441538054

9. Peña Pérez, Rosario

Office 2016:

Ediciones Altaria. 2015.

ISBN: 9788494404979

10. ROSARIO PEÑA PEREZ

Office 2019–Office 365: Key new features

Altaria. 2018.

ISBN: 9788494731976

11.- VALENTIN, HANDZ

EXCEL 2016 STEP BY STEP, 2nd UPDATED EDITION

Ra-Ma. 2016.

ISBN: 9788499646619

12. VALENTIN, HANDZ

OFFICE 2016 PRACTICAL COURSE

Ra-Ma. 2016.

ISBN: 9788499646343

Objectives

This module aims to establish and consolidate the statistical foundations required by students on the Bachelor’s degree in Veterinary Medicine. The aim is for students to master the statistical techniques that will assist them in interpreting data and/or research findings. The course also aims to encourage students to use statistical analysis techniques as a useful tool in their professional practice.

Furthermore, the course aims to introduce students to the communication of statistical analysis results through the creation and presentation of graphs, tables, etc.

Prerequisites

Those required for admission to the Bachelor’s Degree in Veterinary Medicine

Learning Outcomes

Not applicable. Course description adapted to Royal Decree 822/2021.

Learning outcomes

1. Ability to carry out statistical and mathematical work as part of a team – whether single- or multidisciplinary – and to demonstrate respect, appreciation and sensitivity towards the work of others.

2. Ability to communicate statistical knowledge fluently, both orally and in writing, with colleagues, authorities and society at large.

Course content

Chapter 1: Descriptive statistics

Chapter 2: Linear regression

Chapter 3: Probability

Chapter 4: Random variables. Probability distributions.

Chapter 5: Confidence Intervals

Chapter 6: Hypothesis Testing.

Learning activities

- Lectures or sessions: in which the theoretical concepts will be presented and examples of their application will be demonstrated by the lecturer.

- Seminars or assignments: in which students will complete exercises and develop skills in interpreting the results.

- Practical classes: Experimental application of the knowledge acquired.

- E-learning

- Individual and group tutorials: Guidance and clarification of queries.

- Independent study

- Knowledge assessments

Assessment system and criteria

Without prejudice to any other requirements that may be set out in the relevant course syllabus, as a general rule, failure to attend more than 75 per cent of the course’s teaching activities—which require the student’s physical or virtual presence—will result in the loss of the right to continuous assessment during the standard examination period. In this case, the examination to be held during the official period set by the University will be the sole assessment criterion, with the weighting specified in the course syllabus.

----

REGULAR EXAMINATION PERIOD

- Applied theory test: two tests, each accounting for 15% (30%).

- Assignments to be submitted during TRAB sessions (individual and group) (40%)

- Submission of individual exercises (10%).

- Final exam (20%).

IMPORTANT

To pass the module through continuous assessment, students must meet or exceed the minimum attendance requirement set by the University (75%). If attendance is below this level, the maximum mark achievable will be 4 out of 10.

To pass the module on a course-based basis, students must have sat all examinations and completed each and every assignment. If this requirement is not met, the mark for continuous assessment will be NP.

EXTRA SESSION

- Final exam. (100%)

Bibliography

Core:

1. Guevós, E; García, M.B.; González, A.

Applied Mathematics

García-Moroto Editores. 2008.

ISBN: 9788493629991

2. Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, Estefanía A. Toledo Atucha, Amundena Sánchez-Villegas, Javier Faulin Fajardo

Biostatistics Made Easy

Elsevier. 2020.

ISBN: 978-84-9113-4

Objectives

To provide students with a sound understanding of the structure and organisation of DNA, its replication, transcription and translation, and its main alterations, including the basic models of inheritance of hereditary traits and the main factors influencing them. Knowledge and application of the molecular and genetic bases of biological processes. Knowledge and application of the basic principles of genetic biotechnology and population genetics.

Prerequisites

Those required for admission to the Bachelor’s degree in Veterinary Medicine.

Learning outcomes

1. Demonstrate theoretical and practical knowledge of the genes and molecules that make up the immune system.

2. Identify the organs and cells involved in the immune response.

3. Understand the immune system’s response to microorganisms of clinical significance in veterinary medicine.

4. Apply and analyse specific laboratory techniques.

5. Produce scientific papers on topics or issues related to immunology and genetics.

6. Ability to carry out research in the field of immunology and genetics

7. To acquire a comprehensive understanding of current genetics when seeking to explain the causes of similarities and differences between organisms, and issues of inheritance and variation at different levels: molecular, cellular, individual and population.

8. Ability to use genetic terminology rigorously and appropriately.

9. Understanding the structural and functional characteristics of genetic material, how the expression of genetic information is regulated, and the principles governing changes in genetic material.

Description of the content

BLOCK I TRANSMISSION OF HEREDITARY MATERIAL

Topic 1. Mendelian genetics. Mendel’s experiments. Laws. Backcrossing. Polyhybridism.

Topic 2. Phenotypic exceptions to Mendel’s laws.

Dominance and variations. Epistasis. Pleiotropy.

Topic 3. Environmental effects and gene expression. Phenocopies. Lethal genes.

Topic 4. – Linkage and recombination. Deviation from Mendel’s principle of independent assortment. Overcrossing frequency and recombination fraction. Coincidence and interference. Linkage maps.

BLOCK II: MOLECULAR BASIS OF HEREDITARY MATERIAL

Topic 5. – Nature of hereditary material. Structure of DNA. Double helix model. Properties.

Topic 6.- Organisation of hereditary material. Eukaryotes. Prokaryotes. Viruses

Topic 7.- DNA replication. Cell cycle. Characteristics. Regulation.

SECTION III EXPRESSION AND CONTROL OF HEREDITARY MATERIAL

Topic 8. Transcription. mRNA. tRNA. rRNA.

Topic 9.- Genetic code. Collinearity. Decoding. Universality. Translation.

Topic 10. Regulation in prokaryotes. Inducible and repressible systems. Operon.

Topic 11.- Regulation in eukaryotes. Pre- and post-transcriptional control. Sex determination.

BLOCK IV VARIATIONS IN GENETIC MATERIAL

Topic 12. Genetics and cancer

Topic 13. – Clinical genetics.

Educational activities

Lecture.

Laboratory Practical.

Seminars.

E-learning.

Individual and group tutorials.

Independent study.

Exam.

Assessment system and criteria

Without prejudice to any other requirements that may be set out in the relevant course syllabus, as a general rule, failure to attend more than 75 per cent of the course’s teaching activities—which require the student’s physical or virtual presence—will result in the loss of the right to continuous assessment during the standard examination period. In this case, the examination to be held during the official period set by the University will be the sole assessment criterion, with the weighting specified in the course syllabus.

----

Continuous Assessment

An examination consisting of short-answer questions will be set.

The continuous assessment mark will take into account the exam mark, attendance and participation in class, as well as any other criteria the lecturer deems appropriate.

Problems

A problem-solving exam will be set, consisting of solving the problems explained in class. Students who miss any of the practical sessions will have 2 marks deducted from their mark for this section.

Assignments

Students must undertake a collaborative project assigned by the lecturer, at the end of which they will submit a final assignment and give an oral presentation. Students who miss any of the project days will have 2 points deducted from their mark for this part.

Laboratory Practical Sessions

An exam will be held at the end of the laboratory practicals week covering the topics covered during the practicals.

The final practicals mark will be based on the exam mark as well as attendance and participation in the practicals. Students who miss any of the practicals will have 2 points deducted from their mark for this section.

Theoretical Exam

The theory exam will consist of two parts:

- a multiple-choice questionnaire of 15–25 questions; correct answers will be worth 1 mark, unanswered questions 0 marks, and incorrect answers will result in a deduction of 1/3 of a mark. There may be short-answer questions which, if answered incorrectly, will not result in a deduction.

- an essay-style exam, which will be marked on a scale of 0 to 10

The final exam mark will consist of 60 per cent from the multiple-choice test and 40 per cent from the open-ended essay questions.

REGULAR GRADE

To pass the module, it is an essential requirement to have achieved a mark of 3.5 out of 10 in the theory exam multiple-choice section; if a mark of less than 3.5 out of 10 is achieved, the remaining marks for the module will not be taken into account and the final mark for the module will be based solely on the multiple-choice section.

The weighting of each component in the final mark will be as follows:

Continuous assessment: 20%

Projects and Assignments: 10%

Laboratory practicals: 10%

Problems: 10%

Theory exam: 50%

SPECIAL NOTE

Grades for practicals, seminars and exercises will be carried over to July. Continuous assessment marks will not be taken into account.

The theory exam will consist of two parts:

- a multiple-choice questionnaire of 15–25 questions; correct answers will be worth 1 mark, unanswered questions 0 marks, and incorrect answers will result in a deduction of 1/3 of a mark. There may be short-answer questions which, if answered incorrectly, will not result in a deduction.

- an essay-style exam, marked on a scale of 0 to 10

The final exam mark will consist of 60 per cent from the multiple-choice test and 40 per cent from the essay-style exam.

To pass the module, it is an essential requirement to have achieved a mark of 3.5 out of 10 in the theory exam multiple-choice section; if a mark of less than 3.5 out of 10 is achieved, the remaining marks for the module will not be taken into account and the final mark for the module will be based solely on the multiple-choice section.

The weighting of each component in the final mark will be as follows:

Project and Assignments: 10%

Laboratory Practical Work: 10%

Problems: 10%

Theory exam: 70%

In any of the examinations, spelling mistakes will result in marks being deducted.

Timetable

Click on this link to view the detailed timetable in Excel

Bibliography

Basic:

1. Benito, Espino

Genetics. Essential Concepts

Panamericana. 2013.

ISBN: 9788498354072

2. Griffiths, Anthony J.F.

Modern Genetics

Madrid [etc.]: McGraw-Hill Interamericana, 2000. 2000.

ISBN: 844860279X

3. Klug, W.S.

Concepts of Genetics

8th ed. Pearson. 2006.

ISBN: 8420550140

4. Lewin

Genes

Reverté. 1996.

ISBN: 8429118454

5. Puertas, M. J.

Genetics: Fundamentals and Perspectives

Madrid [etc.]: McGraw-Hill Interamericana, 1998. 1999.

ISBN: 8448602358

Links

DNA Learning Centre – Resources and basic explanations of DNA analysis techniques (in English)

PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) animation – Animation of the Polymerase Chain Reaction or PCR

Objectives

OBJECTIVES

To understand how the animal organism functions, not as a collection of isolated organs and systems, but as a coordinated whole subject to numerous regulatory mechanisms, with a particular applied focus on species of veterinary interest

GENERAL OBJECTIVES

1. To understand the physical and chemical principles and scientific methods of physiology that relate organic variables, control mechanisms and regulation of the various systems under study: the internal environment, excitable tissues, the respiratory system, the cardiovascular system, the digestive system, the renal system, the endocrine system and the reproductive system.

2. To learn the concepts and characteristics of how the various systems function within the animal organism, integrating knowledge of their structure and function.

3. To understand the fundamentals of the processes and mechanisms that regulate vital functions, as well as the physiological adaptations that enable acclimatisation to variations in the external and internal environments

4. To understand the relevance of the module and its relationship with other modules on the degree programme.

5. To learn how to use the bibliographic information available in this discipline.

Prerequisites

Basic knowledge of anatomy, embryology, histology, biology, biochemistry, physics and chemistry.

Competencies

Not applicable. Course description adapted to Royal Decree 822/2021

Learning outcomes

1. To understand the fundamentals of cellular excitability and communication.

2. Be familiar with the scientific principles and methods of physiology.

3. To understand the principles, processes and mechanisms that regulate vital functions

4. Understand homeostasis.

5. To understand and be familiar with the functioning and regulation of the body’s integrated systems in a healthy individual.

6. To be familiar with comparative physiology in domestic animals and its relevance to veterinary practice.

7. To understand and be able to perform and interpret basic analytical techniques to assess an individual’s normal functionality.

Course description

This module examines the normal functioning of the various organ systems for subsequent application in veterinary medicine and animal production.

FIRST-DAY LEARNING OUTCOMES

ODC 1.1 Understand the ethical and legal responsibilities of the veterinary surgeon in relation to the animals in their care, the environment, clients, policies and society.

ODC 1.4 Communicate effectively with clients, the public, professional colleagues and the relevant authorities, using language appropriate to the audience in question and fully respecting confidentiality and privacy.

ODC 1.8 Be able to critically review and evaluate literature and presentations.

ODC 1.10 Use their professional skills to contribute to the advancement of veterinary knowledge and the One Health concept, with a view to improving animal health and welfare, the quality of animal care and veterinary public health.

ODC 1.12 Demonstrate an awareness of personal and professional limits, and know how to seek professional advice, assistance and support when necessary.

ODC 1.17 Carry out a comprehensive clinical examination and demonstrate competence in clinical decision-making.

ODC 1.28 Apply biosafety principles correctly

Training activities

Lectures or masterclasses: Explanation of theoretical principles, using IT tools.

Assignments or seminars: Presentation and discussion of the practical application of theoretical principles, using IT tools and group discussion.

Practical classes (laboratory): Practical application of the knowledge acquired.

E-learning: self-assessment questionnaires

Individual and group tutorials

Independent study: study and practice of exercises

Assessments: written and oral tests

Assessment system and criteria

To pass this module, you must:

1. Have completed all laboratory practicals.

2. Achieve a minimum score of 5 marks in the theory and practical examinations (*active participation in the continuous assessment process may entitle students to exemptions from examinations with marks of 4.5 or above, at the discretion of the course coordinator)

Assessment system:

- Assessment of practical activities: 30%

- Final knowledge test: 70%

Timetable

Click on this link to view the detailed timetable in Excel

Bibliography

Primary:

1. Albino García Sacristán

VETERINARY PHYSIOLOGY

Tébar Flores Publishers. 2018.

ISBN: 8473605713

2. B.G. Klein

Cunningham’s Veterinary Physiology

Elsevier. Saunders. 2014.

ISBN: 9788490223178

3. D. U. Silverthorn,

Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach

Panamericana. 2013.

ISBN: 9786079356149

4. J.E. Guyton Hall

Textbook of Medical Physiology

12th ed. Elsevier. 2011.

ISBN: 9788480868198

5. S. I. Fox

Human Physiology

McGraw-Hill. 2008.

ISBN: 9788448161736

6. Tony Plant, Anthony Zeleznik

Knobil and Neill’s Physiology of Reproduction

Academic Press. 2014.

ISBN: 9780123971753

Objectives

*To gain knowledge of the microorganisms that affect animals and those with industrial, biotechnological or ecological applications.

*To distinguish morphologically between the various groups of microorganisms of veterinary interest.

*To understand the mechanisms of transmission of the main infectious diseases.

*Ability to use scientific vocabulary, both orally and in writing, to accurately express knowledge of microbiology.

*To understand serological and molecular diagnostic methods.

*Understand the appropriate sampling procedures and how samples should be preserved.

*Understand how to culture, isolate and identify the microorganisms involved in various infectious diseases.

*Understand how to carry out an antibiotic susceptibility test and advise on the antibiotic of choice for treatment.

*Know how to prepare and interpret a microbiological report.

*For students to learn, in the Microbiology laboratory, how to handle materials and apply the methods used to identify different microorganisms.

*Students should understand the mechanisms of action of antimicrobial agents.

*To stimulate curiosity about topics in popular science relating to microbiology and infectious diseases, particularly those concerning new diagnostic methods, emerging and re-emerging pathogens, incidence and prevalence data for various diseases in our region, and antibiotic resistance.

*Students should learn to use the main bibliographic sources.

Prerequisites

Advanced knowledge of the content covered in the core modules, Biology and Anatomy.

Competencies

Not applicable. Course description adapted to Royal Decree 822/2021.

Learning outcomes

1. To distinguish morphologically between each of the groups of microorganisms of veterinary interest.

2. Understand the appropriate sampling procedures and how samples should be preserved.

3. Be able to culture, isolate and identify the microorganisms involved in various infectious diseases.

4. Understand the transmission mechanisms of the main infectious diseases and their significance within the One Health framework.

5. Be able to carry out an antibiotic susceptibility test and advise on the antibiotic of choice for treatment, and understand its importance within the One Health framework.

6. Understand serological and molecular diagnostic methods.

7. To have an interest in topics relating to the popularisation of science in the field of microbiology and infectious diseases, particularly those concerning new diagnostic methods, emerging and re-emerging pathogens, incidence and prevalence data for various diseases in our region, antibiotic resistance, etc. and their importance in the One Health context.

8. Be able to prepare and interpret a microbiological report.

9. Ability to use scientific vocabulary, both orally and in writing, to accurately express one’s knowledge of microbiology.

Course description

This module covers: morphology, biochemistry, physiology, genetics, pathogenic mechanisms and taxonomy of viruses, bacteria and fungi that cause infections in animals or are of industrial, biotechnological, ecological and public health interest.

BLOCK I: GENERAL BACTERIOLOGY

Topic 1. General concepts. Structure and morphology of the prokaryotic cell.

Topic 2. Cell wall. Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Topic 3. Cell membrane. Cytoplasm. Ribosomes. Bacterial genome. Plasmids.

Topic 4. Glycocalyx. Flagellum. Fimbriae and pili. Spores.

Topic 5. – Bacterial metabolism.

Topic 6. Microbial growth.

Topic 7. Bacterial genetics

Topic 8. Bacterial infections. Mechanisms of bacterial pathogenicity. Zoonoses

Topic 9. Laboratory diagnosis of bacterial diseases

Topic 10. – Antibacterial agents

Topic 11. Classification of prokaryotes. The Bergey’s Manual

BLOCK II: SPECIALISED BACTERIOLOGY

Gram-negative bacteria (Phylum BXII. Proteobacteria)

Topic 12. – Alphaproteobacteria: Genus Rickettsia, Genus Ehrlichia, Genus Anaplasma, Genus Neorickettsia, Genus Bartonella,

Topic 13.- Alphaproteobacteria: Genus Brucella

Topic 14. – Betaproteobacteria: Genus Burkholderia, Genus Bordetella, Genus Taylorella.

Topic 15. – Gammaproteobacteria: Genus Francisella, Genus Coxiella, Genus Pseudomonas, Genus Moraxella, Genus Vibrio, Genus Listonella, Genus Aeromonas.

Topic 16. – Gammaproteobacteria: Genus Actinobacillus, Genus Haemophilus, Genus Pasteurella, Genus Mannheimia,

Topic 17. – Gammaproteobacteria: Enterobacteria: General Characteristics. Escherichia coli.

Topic 18. – Gammaproteobacteria: Enterobacteria: Genus Salmonella, Genus Yersinia. Opportunistic enterobacteria.

Topic 19.- Deltaproteobacteria: Genus Lawsonia. Epsilonproteobacteria: Genus Campylobacter

Gram-positive bacteria with low G+C content (Phylum BXIII. Firmicutes)

Topic 20. – Class Clostridia: Genus Clostridium.

Topic 21.- Class Mollicutes: Genus Mycoplasma, Genus Erysipelothrix.

Topic 22. – Class Bacilli: Genus Bacillus, Genus Listeria.

Topic 23. – Class Bacilli: Genus Staphylococcus.

Topic 24. Class Bacilli: Genus Streptococcus, Genus Enterococcus

Gram-positive bacteria with high G+C content (Phylum BXIV. Actinobacteria)

Topic 25. – Genus Mycobacterium.

Topic 26. – Genus Corynebacterium, Genus Rhodococcus

Topic 27.- Actinomycetes: Genus Actinomyces, Genus Actinobaculum, Genus Arcanobacterium, Genus Nocardia, Genus Dermatophilus.

Chlamydiae (Phylum BXVI. Chlamydiae)

Topic 28. – Genus Chlamydophila

Spirochaetes (Phylum BXVII. Spirochaetes)

Topic 29.- Genus Borrelia, Genus Brachyspira, Genus Leptospira.

BLOCK III: GENERAL VIROLOGY (To be covered in the seminars)

Topic 30 (Seminar 1). – Definition and concept of viruses. Morphology and structure of viruses. Classification and main groups.

Topic 31 (Seminar 2). – Virus replication. Stages of infection.

Topic 32 (Seminar 3). – Methods for identifying and characterising viruses. Mechanisms of viral pathogenicity.

BLOCK IV: SPECIALISED VIROLOGY (To be taught in the seminars)

Topic 33 (Seminar 4) – Double-stranded DNA viruses: Poxviridae family and Asfaviridae family

Topic 34 (Seminar 5). Double-stranded DNA viruses: Herpesviridae family, Adenoviridae family, Papillomaviridae family

Topic 35 (Seminar 6) – Single-stranded DNA viruses: Circoviridae family, Parvoviridae family.

Topic 36 (Seminar 7) – Viruses with reverse transcriptase: Retroviridae family.

Topic 37 (Seminar 8) – Double-stranded RNA viruses: Reoviridae family, Birnaviridae family.

Topic 38 (Seminar 9) – Single-stranded RNA (-): Paramyxoviridae family, Rhabdoviridae family and

Topic 39 (Seminar 10) – Single-stranded RNA (-) viruses: Orthomyxoviridae family.

Topic 40 (Seminar 11) – Single-stranded RNA (-) viruses: Bunyaviridae family, Bornaviridae family, Arenaviridae family.

Topic 41 (Seminar 12) – Single-stranded RNA (+) viruses: Picornaviridae family, Caliciviridae family.

Topic 42 (Seminar 13) – Single-stranded RNA (+) viruses: Coronaviridae family, Arteriviridae family.

Topic 43 (Seminar 14). – Single-stranded RNA (+) viruses: Flaviviridae family, Togaviridae family.

BLOCK V: PRIONS

Topic 44 (Seminar 15). – Prions.

BLOCK VI: MYCOLOGY

Topic 45. – General characteristics of fungi: morphology and structure. Metabolism and reproduction.

Topic 46.—Taxonomy and identification. Mechanisms of pathogenic action. Mycotoxicosis. Methods of study.

Topic 47. – Fungi with coenocytic mycelium: Genus Saprolegnia, Genus Mucor, Genus Rhizopus, Genus Absidia.

Topic 48. Fungi with septate mycelium: Genus Ascosphaera, Genus Aspergillus. Dermatophytes: Genus Microsporum, Genus Trichophyton.

Topic 49.- Dimorphic fungi: Genus Histoplasma, Genus Coccidioides, Genus Blastomyces, Genus Sporothrix. Yeasts: Genus Candida, Genus Cryptococcus, Genus Malassezia.

Training activities

Lecture: Explanation of theoretical principles, using computer-based tools.

Practical laboratory sessions: Experimental application of the knowledge acquired.

Seminars: Presentation and discussion of case studies. Lectures.

E-learning: Interactive distance learning via the virtual campus.

Individual and group tutorials: Guidance and clarification of queries.

Independent study: Study. Literature review.

Oral and written assessments

Assessment system and criteria

Without prejudice to any other requirements that may be specified in the relevant course syllabus, as a general rule, failure to attend more than 75 per cent of the course’s teaching activities—which require the student’s physical or virtual presence—will result in the loss of the right to continuous assessment during the standard examination period. In this case, the examination to be held during the official period set by the University will be the sole assessment criterion, with the weighting specified in the course syllabus.

----

To pass this module, students must:

1. Have completed the laboratory practicals.

2. Achieve a mark of 5.0 or higher in each of the four mid-term exams covering the course syllabus.

3. Achieve a mark of 5.0 or higher by adding together the percentages set out below:

Final exam: 70% of the final mark

Laboratory practicals: 20% of the final mark

Course activities: 10% of the final mark.

• Problems set and solved

• Continuous assessment tests

• Literature review assignments and oral presentations

• Attendance, engagement and collaboration in tutorials and seminars

• Attitude, skills, knowledge and interpretation during practical sessions

EXAM TYPE:

The examinations will consist of a single section of multiple-choice questions. Students must answer 60 per cent of the questions correctly in order to rule out the statistical probability of answering correctly by chance. Incorrect answers do not result in marks being deducted.

In examinations that include essay-style sections, such as practical examinations or oral presentations, any serious conceptual error may be considered grounds for a fail, regardless of the numerical mark obtained.

JANUARY EXAM SESSION:

The final mark for the first term will be calculated as follows:

- Practical sessions (compulsory attendance and exam): 20% of the mark.

- Continuous assessment: 10% of the mark.

- Average of the two exams (November and January): 70% of the mark.

It is an essential requirement to have passed each mid-term exam and to have completed the first term’s practical sessions.

If a student has failed any of the mid-term exams, they may retake that part in the ordinary exam in May or June.

MAY–JUNE REGULAR EXAM SESSION:

Students must sit the fourth mid-term exam and any mid-term exams they have previously failed. The final mark will be calculated as follows:

• Average of the practical work marks for the first and second terms (compulsory attendance and exam): 20% of the mark.

• Average of the continuous assessment marks for both semesters: 10% of the mark.

• Average of the four mid-term exams (all must be marked 5 or above): 70% of the mark.

SPECIAL EXAMINATION SESSION:

Students will only be required to sit the examination for the modules corresponding to the mid-term exams they previously failed. The final mark will be calculated using the same procedure as that described for the ordinary examination session.

Bibliography

Essential:

1. P.J. Quinn, B.K. Markey, M.E. Carter, W.J. Donnelly, F.C. Leonard

Veterinary Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Zaragoza: Acribia. 2008.

ISBN: 8420010499

2. Quinn, P. J.

Elements of Veterinary Microbiology

Zaragoza: Acribia, 2005. 2005.

ISBN: 842001057X

3. Tortora, Gerard J.

Introduction to Microbiology

Buenos Aires: Médica Panamericana, 2007. 2007.

ISBN: 9789500607407

Supplementary:

4.- Fenner, F.

Veterinary Virology

Zaragoza: Acribia, 1992. 1992.

ISBN: 842000720X

5. Prescott, Lansing M.

Microbiology

5th ed. Madrid: McGraw-Hill: Interamericana de España, D. 2004.

ISBN: 844860525x

6. Vadillo Machota, Santiago

Handbook of Veterinary Microbiology

Madrid: McGraw-Hill: Interamericana de España. 2002.

ISBN: 8448604709

Links

WHO – WHO Food Safety

IFST Institute of Food Science and Technology – UK Food Safety Observatory

CNTA – National Centre for Food Safety and Technology.

AESAN – Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition

EUR-Lex – To consult European legislation

MICROBIOLOGICAL STANDARDS FOR FOOD - All microbiological parameters by food type

CECT – Spanish Collection of Type Cultures

NCBI – Search for scientific publications

ELSEVIER – Scientific publications

COMBASE – The ComBase browser allows you to search through thousands of microbial growth and survival curves collected from research centres and publications

ScienceDirect – Scientific publications

Citation guidelines – Guidelines for citing undergraduate dissertations and doctoral theses.

Objectives

- To provide the scientific and technical foundations of agricultural production and its interrelationship with livestock production.

- To understand and distinguish between the main agricultural crops and their uses in livestock feed.

- To define and analyse the main economic and market factors involved in the management of agricultural and livestock holdings.

Prerequisites

Advanced knowledge of the content of the Common Core Training Module

Competencies

Not applicable. Course description adapted to Royal Decree 822/2021.

Learning outcomes

1. To understand the characteristics of the agricultural environment and the various variables affecting agricultural production. Main agricultural products, and techniques for the conservation and utilisation of those related to livestock production.

2. To examine current issues facing the agricultural and livestock sectors, and the economic factors affecting the profitability of an agricultural holding within the context of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Future prospects.

3. Ability to manage a business in the agri-food sector, including knowledge of the processes and machinery used in animal feed mills, such as the procurement of raw materials and finished feed.

4. To identify the factors influencing the sustainability of a production system. Interactions with the environment and biodiversity. Ability to minimise adverse environmental impacts.

5. Knowledge of production systems within the EU parameters for Organic Farming and Livestock Production.

Course content

As part of the agriculture module, this course covers:

- The agricultural and livestock sector in Spain and the EU: structure and distribution.

- The marketing of agricultural products: stakeholders, channels, examples.

- The EU’s Common Agricultural Policy (CAP): origins, development and current situation: CAP 2023–27

- Agricultural accounting: balance sheets and profit and loss accounts of agricultural and livestock enterprises.

- Financing of agricultural and livestock enterprises. Return on investment and profitability of livestock production holdings.

- The ecological foundations of agricultural production: climate and soil. Soil-plant-animal relationships. Management of agricultural and livestock systems. Sustainable development within the framework of mixed farming operations.

- Characteristics and description of the main agricultural crops and their uses in animal feed.

- Effects of toxic plants on livestock and animals in general. Possible treatments.

Training activities

- Lectures.

- Seminars.

- Practical sessions (workshops).

- Individual and group tutorials

- Independent study

- Exams

Assessment system and criteria

In the REGULAR EXAMINATION PERIOD, to pass the module it will be essential to achieve a minimum mark of five points in the final module mark, taking the following considerations into account:

1. Students must have completed and attended the practical sessions: seed workshop and laboratory sessions (crops and soils)

2. Students must have completed and submitted on time the practical assignment for the course on agricultural crops.

3. Students must have completed and submitted on time all other assignments and projects (assignment on toxic plants).

4. A minimum mark of 3.5 is required in the final exam as a whole in order to calculate an average with the other continuous assessment marks. Below this mark, the final mark will be that of the exam.

A mid-term exam (which exempts students from covering that material in the final exam) will be held, and if passed, the following percentages will be taken into account to determine the final mark:

1) Final exam: 40%, comprising theoretical and practical multiple-choice questions

2) Mid-term exam: 40%, comprising theoretical and practical multiple-choice questions

3) Crop work: 10 per cent

4) Other assignments and projects: 10%

In this case (where the mid-term exam has been waived), the final exam will consist of: